Nuclear security refers to a range of actions intended to stop illicit proliferation and nuclear terrorism, as well as to prevent unauthorised access to nuclear materials, infrastructure, and technology. The role of non-state actors has grown in importance in the current environment. Because of their adaptability, secrecy, and potential access to nuclear materials, non-state actors which can include everything from terrorist groups to criminal networks pose serious dangers to nuclear security.

The A.Q. Khan network is a prime illustration of the illicit nuclear trade, in which the transfer of nuclear technology and experience was made possible by a state-sponsored proliferation network. These networks serve as a warning about the perils of unlawful proliferation and the necessity of strong international enforcement and collaboration protocols.

The Indus Water Treaty is a water-sharing accord between India and Pakistan, signed in 1960 and facilitated by the World Bank. The agreement partitioned the six principal rivers of the Indus basin between the two nations, designating the western rivers (Indus, Chenab, Jhelum) to Pakistan and the eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) to India. The convention aimed to address conflicts regarding transboundary water resources following the division. Nonetheless, discrepancies arise over the categorization of some tributaries, such as the Kabul River, which originates in Afghanistan and merges with the Indus in Pakistan, and the Beas River, which is classified independently while being a tributary of the Sutlej. The document examines these inconsistencies and underscores the necessity of potentially amending the treaty to address equitable water distribution in light of evolving dynamics and water demands in the region. Clarifying tributary status may enhance water management in accordance with the treaty's goals of secure and sustainable river use for the basin nations. 

The evolution of India's intelligence operations since its    independence in 1947 is examined in this article. It looks at the difficulties the recently established country faced and the evolution of its intelligence culture throughout time. The study explores a range of elements that have influenced India's intelligence services, including cultural influences and operational challenges.

Theaterization in India is a major military reform aimed at integrating the Army, Navy, and Air Force under unified commands to improve coordination and combat effectiveness. It seeks to break service silos and foster jointness in planning and operations. The model proposes theatre commands based on specific geographies like the Western and Northern fronts, as well as functional domains like maritime and air defence. Each command would be led by a single commander with operational control over all forces in the region. This would help optimise resources, eliminate duplication, and enable faster decision-making during conflicts.